03
2018
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09
High-quality energy development drives the transformation of the energy system
分(fēn)类：
Industry News
China must basically achieve the goal of "beautiful China" by 2035, and accelerating the promotion of high-quality energy development has become one of the most important and urgent tasks. In order to comprehensively promote the in-depth development of the energy transition, promote the high-quality development of green energy and international cooperation, and build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, the “2018 Energy Transition” sponsored by the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy of the Development Research Center of the State Council The "High-Level Forum" was held in Beijing on August 25.
Li Wei, director and researcher of the Development Research Center of the State Council, stated at the forum that my country’s economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development. Energy work should be placed in an important position in the reform of the ecological civilization system and the construction of a beautiful China, and energy production and consumption should be promoted. Revolution to achieve green development.
The high-quality development of energy includes three major contents
Li Wei said that in recent years, whether it is the “self-revolution” represented by the clean and efficient utilization of the traditional coal field, or the transition from coal to natural gas and other cleaner, low-carbon fossil energy sources due to the “shale revolution”; The significant decline in the proportion of fossil energy due to the adjustment of industrial structure and the strengthening of environmental constraints, or the sharp increase in the proportion of renewable energy due to accelerated technological progress and market expansion, all indicate that the global energy transition process has begun to accelerate.
The short-term, medium-term and long-term goals of the energy transition proposed by the European Commission are that by 2020, renewable energy will account for 21% of the power sector, 45% by 2030, and natural gas, wind, and nuclear energy will each account for one time in Europe by 2050. 1/4 of energy supply. Among them, Germany proposes that by 2020, renewable energy power generation will account for 35% of Germany's total electricity consumption, 50% by 2030, and 80% by 2050. Regardless of the goals proposed by the EU or Germany, "this indicates that mankind is entering a new era of energy transition from'high carbon' to'low carbon', from'black' to'green'," said Li Wei.
Li Wei believes that the high-quality development of energy should include at least the following three aspects: the fundamental goal of high-quality energy development is to meet the needs of all people for a better life; the core connotation of high-quality energy development is to create clean, low-carbon, Economical, efficient, safe and reliable modern energy system; the necessary condition for high-quality energy development is to deepen reform to promote the construction of a modern energy governance system.
Realizing the transition to modern energy must resolve deep-seated contradictions
For this reason, in Li Wei’s view, China’s existing energy system must achieve a comprehensive, in-depth, and long-term transformation, which is closely related to China’s economic and social development stages: first, adapt to steel, building materials, non-ferrous metals, chemicals, etc. The general trend of slowing growth of traditional high-energy-consuming industries and peaking of energy consumption. The incremental market should be focused on residents' lives, service industries and strategic emerging industries; the second is to enhance high-quality electricity, heating, cooling, and gas. The supply capacity of clean energy services; the third is to adapt to the broad trend of future seasonal peak-valley differences, the expansion of daily load curve fluctuations, and the decentralization of energy-using regional layouts, and enhance the flexibility of the energy supply system; fourth, to fully embrace big data and " Information technology such as "Internet +" realizes the integration and coordination of energy supply and demand systems and improves the overall efficiency of the energy system.
In fact, in 2016, my country's energy transition has made some progress. According to statistics, the total national energy consumption in the whole year was 4.36 billion tons of standard coal, a year-on-year increase of 1.4%, ensuring the needs of national economic development with a relatively low growth rate of energy consumption; energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by 5% year-on-year; energy consumption structure further Optimization, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption reached 13.3%, a year-on-year increase of 1.3 percentage points. Over fulfilled 250 million tons of coal capacity reduction task. The installed capacity of electric power reached 1.65 billion kilowatts, and the structure was cleaner. Coal power generating units with more than 200 million kilowatts implemented energy-saving transformation, coal-fired power generating units exceeding 100 million kilowatts implemented ultra-low emission transformation, and the proportion of non-fossil energy power generation installed capacity reached 36.1%. Among them, the installed capacity of hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic and nuclear power reached 332 million, 149 million, 77.42 million and 33.64 million kilowatts respectively. At the same time, my country has also issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Utilization of Natural Gas" to promote the rapid and coordinated development of the upstream, middle and downstream natural gas industry.
However, in Li Wei’s view, “We must realize that the energy transition is a long-term process, and it is not an overnight effort. It has never been seen that achieving the goal of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system still requires some deep-seated solutions. Contradictions and problems.” First, the overall overcapacity problem of coal has not been fundamentally resolved, and capacity reduction will still be the main line of coal industry development in the future; second, the slowdown in power demand growth and the rapid installation of new energy power generation The contradiction of growth has been highlighted. The issue of abandoning wind, solar, and water requires new policies and mechanism design; third, the development of natural gas as a clean energy is still affected by "too expensive", and the proportion of natural gas in primary energy consumption will reach 10% by 2020. There is still a certain gap between the target of% and the pressure is greater.
In addition, various places in our country have diverse situations, different levels of development, different foundations for promoting high-quality development, and different problems they face. For example, Li Wei said, “For example, many eastern regions have a high level of development and a strong willingness to adopt clean energy. They are mainly faced with the problem of ensuring the supply of clean energy, especially natural gas; some places have a low level of development and local consumption. Weak capacity, mainly facing problems such as abandoning wind and abandoning light. The specific paths for promoting high-quality energy development in these places must also be different." Therefore, Li Wei suggested that to promote high-quality energy development, we need to insist on first and first trials. , Take the lead in creating a batch of model regions for high-quality energy development across the country, so as to provide a model for various localities to better promote high-quality energy development.
Five measures to promote high-quality energy development
First, persist in promoting energy conservation and improving energy efficiency.
As countries around the world have signed the "Paris Agreement", energy conservation and improvement of energy efficiency as the "first energy source" are becoming a global consensus. International Energy Agency (IEA) research results show that to achieve the development goal of controlling the global temperature to rise within 2 degrees by the end of this century, the global contribution to energy conservation and energy efficiency must reach 49%.
Therefore, more attention must be paid to energy conservation and improvement of energy efficiency in transportation, commerce, public services, and residents' lives. We must continue to adhere to the direction of market-oriented reforms, straighten out the management and supervision systems, accelerate the establishment of a unified and open market-oriented system, restore the attributes of energy commodities, and use price mechanisms to guide enterprises, residents and the whole society to consciously focus on energy conservation and efficiency.
Second, persist in promoting the development of the natural gas industry through institutional reforms and infrastructure construction.
Although clean energy such as wind power and photovoltaics has developed rapidly, judging from the scale of various energy sources and the international experience of clean energy development, cultivating natural gas as one of the main energy sources is a necessary condition for building a clean and low-carbon modern energy system. After the downturn in 2014 and 2015, my country's natural gas market returned to the rapid development track of double-digit annual growth in 2017, and is expected to maintain a rapid growth trend in the future. In order to better meet the people's new expectations for gas consumption "after development", we must adhere to the problem-oriented approach, learn from the "gas shortage" incident, further unify our understanding, and "a game of chess" across the country, deepen the reform of natural gas systems and mechanisms, and accelerate the construction of the foundation Facilities, as soon as possible to form "a network", explore the construction of a natural gas market system with high-quality development demonstration significance, and establish a natural gas production, supply, storage and marketing system as soon as possible to better meet the people's growing needs for a better life.
Third, adhere to the development and improvement of a comprehensive energy utilization model that combines centralized and distributed energy. The rapid development of "Internet +" smart energy technology can promote more diversified energy production and supply modes, realize coordinated and optimized control between energy storage equipment and controllable loads, and smooth the impact of distributed renewable energy intermittent characteristics on local power grids , Provides a feasible technological path for the large-scale access of distributed renewable energy. However, it should also be noted that the centralized and distributed energy comprehensive utilization mode puts forward higher requirements for the current energy infrastructure planning, construction, operation and management. To this end, it is necessary to further implement the several opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on further deepening the reform of the power system, and several opinions on the deepening of the reform of the oil and gas system, and strive to solve the problems of imbalance, inadequacy and coordination in the development of clean and smart energy, and speed up The power market, natural gas market, and heating power market will be built, and a multi-subject supply and demand, multi-market trading platform will be established to realize the marketization of the formation mechanism of electricity, gas and heat prices as soon as possible. It is necessary to actively promote the integration of clean energy development plans into urban and rural overall plans, urban and rural construction plans, and land utilization plans, so as to achieve the same plan and construction of clean energy and urban overall development.
Fourth, insist on promoting the use of geothermal energy to enter the track of rapid development as soon as possible.
The development and utilization of geothermal energy is causing widespread concern. At present, China's geothermal energy industry system has taken shape, but it is still lacking in the detailed exploration and evaluation of geothermal energy resources and scientific research. The policies to support the initial development of the geothermal energy industry are not sufficient and the geothermal energy resource management system is still incomplete. To this end, we should accelerate the advancement of highly efficient exploration and development technology and the overall improvement of the utilization level of geothermal energy resources. Focusing on solving major issues such as heating in winter and preventing and controlling smog, we will gather multiple forces for the rapid development of China's geothermal energy, build a broad consensus, and accelerate the healthy development of China's geothermal energy.
Fifth, persist in advancing international energy cooperation and building a new international energy governance system.
One is to deeply participate in the cooperation and reform of existing international energy governance institutions. The second is to seek new mechanisms to support the coordination of global energy governance and climate governance under the G20 framework. The third is to vigorously strengthen the in-depth energy cooperation between China and the countries along the “Belt and Road”.
This article is transferred from China Development Network
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